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    2024 Porsche Cayenne Gets More Than Just a Facelift

    You’d be wrong to characterize the upcoming mid-cycle refresh of the 2024 Porsche Cayenne as a mere facelift, as it’s more of a heart-lung transplant in the form of significant changes to many of its powertrains. The engineering team has also given it hip and knee replacements in the form of meaningful tire and suspension tweaks. But these are not geriatric maintenance moves. They’re better thought of as bionic upgrades meant to advance the Cayenne’s state of being.Chassis ChangesBesides, the cosmetic facelift elements are impossible to judge. The prototypes we drove were effectively camouflaged with rattle-can black paint, bug-eyed headlight mascara appliques, and strategically taped-over taillights. The revised LED headlights and taillights are therefore hard to get excited about, but one key element did stand out through all of that. The Cayenne’s stance has been toughened up by larger-diameter tires. In off-roader terms they’re 31-inchers, which makes them just over an inch larger than before.More Cayenne pepperThe reasoning for this wasn’t enhanced off-road prowess, but rather a higher level of rolling comfort and mechanical grip owing to a larger contact patch. Although the base wheels go from 19s to 20s, many wheels are the same diameter as before, which not only means there’s more sidewall but that the tire assemblies also house more air, which in turn allows Porsche to earn compound interest by lowering tire pressures a smidge. Indeed, the prototypes stuck like Velcro yet largely filtered out the worst textures that the coarse and tortured asphalt of the tightest Malibu canyons had to offer.Partial credit goes one rung higher, as now even the base model comes standard with PASM adaptive dampers. Air-sprung Cayennes take it up another notch, with rethought springs that feature two chambers instead of three. This seeming deficit actually amounts to a step forward because the PASM dampers now have distinct rebound and compression adjustment valves, as opposed to the current single valve that attempts to regulate both. The result is much finer control and the ability to better optimize damping characteristics in response to given circumstances and the driver’s mode selection. Other tweaks include revisions to the rear-axle steering system for increased maneuverability and re-optimization of the rear torque-vectoring system for better dynamics.Revamped PowertrainsEven though the above updates matter more in day-to-day driving, the revitalized and revamped powertrains are the marquee difference here. Major changes were deemed necessary to meet the steady forward march of emissions regulations, but as is often the case with modern powertrains, the engine management strategies developed to burn the fuel more completely also tend to open the door for more power. Such is the case here.At the bottom of the range, the base Cayenne’s 3.0-liter turbo V-6 gets a 14-hp bump, making 349 horsepower instead of the current 335 ponies. The increase in torque is even more noticeable, with the jump from 332 to 369 pound-feet representing an 11 percent increase. Meanwhile, the twin-turbo V-8 powering the utterly-bonkers Turbo GT at the top of the food chain will soon make 651 horsepower instead of a mere 631. Its torque remains unchanged at 626 pound-feet, indicating a likely capacity limit for the carryover eight-speed Tiptronic S transmission.The biggest changes happen in the middle of the range. The Cayenne S, currently powered by an unloved 2.9-liter twin-turbo V-6 that makes 434 horsepower and 405 pound-feet, is returning to its V-8 roots. Its new short-stroke 4.0-liter twin-turbo V-8 puts out 469 horses and 443 pound-feet, which represents nearly 10 percent more of each. We could wax on about its impressive throttle response and easy passing power, but our more childish sensibilities are perfectly happy with its distinctive V-8 idle and the thunder it can send echoing off tunnel walls.Enhanced E-HybridMeanwhile, the Mr. Spock in us really likes what Porsche has done to the E-Hybrid, which is, in fact, a plug-in hybrid. Total combined power is up slightly, from 455 to 464 horsepower. The role of the detuned 3.0-liter turbo V-6 has been diminished, but there’s been a big boost in the strength of the electric half of the powertrain. The electric motor now contributes 174 horsepower instead of 134, and it’s supported by a significantly larger battery, now with 25.9 kWh of gross capacity instead of 17.9 kWh (roughly 20.6 kWh usable versus 14.3 kWh on the current E-Hybrid). A revised brake-blending system allows regenerative braking to persist all the way to a dead stop, and in our driving the E-Hybrid’s regenerative braking strength and smoothness indeed showed a marked improvement.PorscheThe goals for the revamp are improved electric-only range, expanded EV mode persistence, and better gasoline-engine mpg. We can’t speak to the efficiency, and new EPA ratings are not yet available. Porsche suggests it could earn double its WLTP range in Europe. Here in the U.S., the current electric range is just 17 miles. We’re not expecting to see that double, but we see 30 miles as a distinct possibility—enough to make the 2024 Cayenne E-Hybrid a much more credible PHEV. On top of that, it’ll have the capability to charge faster too, with a new standard on-board charger that’s rated at 11.0 kW instead of this year’s pitiful 3.6-kW standard unit and lackluster 7.2 kW upgrade that costs $1230.In-Cabin TweaksPorsche hasn’t left the interior out of all of this. The Cayenne will receive a new Taycan-inspired curved instrument panel and center display. The 12.7-inch instrument display is magnificent, and just beside it juts the Taycan’s toggle-style gear selector. A familiar 12.3-inch central touchscreen sits just to the right, but that’s where the Taycan inspiration thankfully runs its course. The vents just below are aimed manually, and below them is a fixed set of climate-control toggles set into a small glass panel, with a central volume knob set just aft.One of the things we appreciate most appears on the nicely contoured steering wheel, where the mode control dial you can currently only get by ordering Sport Chrono comes standard. Meanwhile, the passenger gets a 10.9-inch display of their own, which is angled and polarized so the driver can’t see it. The idea is to let the front passenger go as far as streaming video, but it’s not yet clear to us if that’ll pass muster with U.S. regulators. Another in-cabin highlight: The wireless cellphone charge pad is cooled.Pricing and the full gamut of specs won’t be released until the wraps come off and the 2024 Cayenne is formally introduced later this year. All Porsche will say at this point is the prices will be “on par with the predecessor model when adjusted for equipment.” This may be code for a possibly significant increase for the base Cayenne, which now gets standard PASM, LED matrix headlights, 20-inch wheels, the mode switch on the steering wheel, and other goodies. As for the Cayenne S, it’s a question of how much a V-8 transplant costs. And then there’s the E-Hybrid, whose new price will reflect its bigger battery, at the very least. Still, the bionically enhanced 2024 Porsche Cayenne should well be worth it, and it’s sure to cost far less than six million dollars, man. More

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    MegaRexx MegaRaptor: Pickup Colossus

    The MegaRaptor, a mutant Ford Super Duty pickup from MegaRexx, is big. How big? It’s so big, it disrupted international shipping for weeks after it got stuck in the Suez Canal. It’s so big, there’s snow on the roof that never melts. It needs rear-axle steering or a hinge in the middle. The turnkey base price is $135,000, and you’ll also want to budget for one of those wide-load pilot vehicles to drive a quarter-mile ahead and verify clearance for upcoming overpasses. Lifted diesel trucks, meet your new god. The MegaRaptor recipe calls for a Ford Super Duty diesel 4×4 (F-250, F-350, or F-450), a 4.0- or 4.5-inch suspension lift, bridge-girder-size MegaRexx radius arms, trophy-truck-style bodywork with a clamshell front end, military MRAP wheels, and 46-inch tires that weigh around 400 pounds per corner with their hub adapters. The final drive is regeared to a 4.88:1 ratio and the speedometer corrected. The resulting creation is surprisingly proportional. Like mountains and skyscrapers, the MegaRaptor requires some known frame of reference to visually communicate its enormity. Those flared fiberglass fenders add 16.0 inches of width. The floorboards are about three feet off the ground. Weight? It’s flirting with 10,000 pounds. But that’s okay because the tires are rated for 12,300 pounds. Each.View PhotosThe 46-inch MRAP tire on the MegaRexx Megaraptor pickup.Ezra Dyer|Car and DriverFortunately, a diesel-powered F-350—like the one hiding beneath all this chutzpah—is designed to haul, even when its payload is itself. You perceive the mass of the wheel-and-tire assemblies through the steering, and the brakes feel about like they would if there were a ton of concrete in the bed. But it’s surprisingly easy to adapt to MegaRaptor driving dynamics. Like 787 pilots and ship captains, you just plan your moves in advance. View PhotosThis is how you make 35-inch tires look like they belong on a Ford Festiva.Ezra Dyer|Car and DriverAaron Richardet, owner of MegaRexx, says the Ford Super Duty is so brawny in the first place that it lends itself to MegaRaptor treatment, even in F-250 guise. “There’s really no difference between an F-250 and F-350 except the springs, so our usual starting point is an F-250 Lariat,” he says. While MegaRexx will convert an owner’s truck, the upfitter usually just buys a new one and builds the whole thing—about 40 last year. (If you’re looking for stock Super Duty fenders, we know where you can find a few.) Richardet claims durability hasn’t been a problem thus far, despite the enormous wheel-and-tire assemblies. “Super Duties are overbuilt in the first place,” he says. “Ford doesn’t want grungy work trucks coming back in under warranty.” For the MegaRaptor-curious, we’d point out that while the F-250 and F-350 might be functionally similar, the F-450 comes with larger brakes.This MegaRaptor was purchased by an owner who drove it about 3000 miles and then sold it back to MegaRexx, possibly after tiring of the mountaineering required to climb in and out of the driver’s seat. As of now, it’s still for sale for $169,950. It has some mods: turbo, intercooler, a tune. There’s a power control knob to the left of the steering wheel that offers five positions, from stock to “possibly inadvisable.” Stock, in this case, means 475 horsepower and 1050 pound-feet of torque, enough to propel our truck-pull F-250 Tremor to 60 mph in 6.1 seconds, so the MegaRaptor feels quite quick enough without throwing any more fuel at it. One nice thing about the MegaRaptor is that you can back it up to your house and look down at your roof when you need to blow off the pine needles.In the most aggressive setting, it’ll bark those gigantic Michelins and shift hard enough to make you feel bad for the transmission. Plus, you’ll want to remember that the dials for handling and braking were turned in the opposite direction from the one for massive horsepower. There’s a reason you don’t see MRAPs at your local autocross. And if you ever do, that’s probably your signal to take an impromptu vacation at your nearest underground bunker.View PhotosBring your croupier’s stick to reach your cash at atms.Finley Dyer|Car and DriverDriving the MegaRaptor, you feel the eyes of the world upon you. Big-rig drivers peer over, surprised to see a pickup with the same driver’s seat H-point. Kids stare. Drivers of F-150 Raptors question their sanity. The MegaRaptor is a rolling eclipse. It makes every street one-way. One day, we saw a bird fly under it. This isn’t even a truck—it’s performance art that deconstructs the entire concept of trucks. In our unofficial MegaRaptor public opinion poll, half the people think it’s awesome. The other half thinks it’s ridiculous. They’re both right. More

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    Tested: 2023 Jeep Gladiator EcoDiesel Makes Its Case

    The 2023 Jeep Gladiator Overland diesel is not as quick as its gas-powered counterpart. You can’t get it with the manual transmission or full-time transfer case. The diesel model also weighs an extra 500 pounds and its maximum tow rating is lower than that of a gas-powered Sport S Max Tow. The Italian-built 3.0-liter diesel V-6 is louder than the 3.6-liter gas engine, both at idle and at 70 mph. It also adds a total of $4650 to the sticker price and requires fuel that, as of this writing, costs an extra $1.38 per gallon, on average. Oh, and there’s diesel exhaust fluid to think about because running out of that could leave you stranded. Now allow us to explain why maybe you should want one anyway.First of all, you’ll be unique. Most Gladiators are not diesels for reasons that attentive readers may have gleaned from the above paragraph. Moreover, most light-duty trucks no longer offer a diesel—Ford killed its 3.0-liter Powerstroke for the F-150, Ram axed the diesel option from the 1500, and General Motors banished the Chevy Colorado and GMC Canyon’s 2.8-liter Duramax in the 2023 redesign. This leaves the Gladiator and GM’s half-ton trucks, with their wonderful 3.0-liter straight-six, as the lone keepers of the oil-burning flame. For at least one more year anyway.Andi Hedrick|Car and DriverIf you’re a business owner, going with the Gladiator diesel may have tax advantages thanks to its heavy-duty axles, which vault its gross combined weight rating over the 6000-pound threshold where the IRS believes real work trucks dwell. Of course, the same can be said of gas-powered Rubicons, Mojaves, and Sport S Max Tow models, but we’re just pointing out that the diesel’s heavy-duty Dana 44s might confer benefits other than bragging rights. Please consult your CPA—colossal pumpkin assessor—to find out if any of that applies to you. We barely know how to use TurboTax.HIGHS: Casually powerful, great mileage, makes the right sounds for a truck.Best Pickups and More on the GladiatorBut speaking of turbos, the Gladiator’s 3.0-liter V-6 has one, which helps it belt out 442 pound-feet of torque between 1400 and 2800 rpm. Meanwhile, the naturally aspirated 3.6-liter gas V-6 makes only 260 pound-feet at a relatively stratospheric 4400 rpm. Looking at our test results, these engines appear evenly matched, with the gas Gladiator recording slightly quicker times in most contests. But the difference is in how they get there. The diesel Gladiator Overland chugs to 60 mph in 7.3 seconds without evidently trying. The gas Gladiator Overland can hit 60 mph in 7.2 seconds, but doing so will require multiple visits to its 6400-rpm horsepower peak, an exercise that feels decidedly sadistic. The diesel gets through the quarter-mile in 15.6 seconds at 87 mph. Which is also slightly in arrears of the gas model, but without the feeling that you’re trying to ride an extremely angry mule down the backstretch of the Breeders’ Cup.Andi Hedrick|Car and DriverThe diesel is a $4150 option, available on most trims and paired with the 8HP75 heavy-duty transmission that’s more commonly found behind V-8s. The 8HP75 is built by ZF in Germany and was a sneaky bargain prior to 2023, since Jeep added the same $2000 upcharge it applied to the U.S.-built 850RE that’s paired with the 3.6-liter. For 2023, though, the 8HP75 transmission costs $2500, bringing the total diesel spend to $4650. You can’t get the diesel on a base Sport or Mojave, but you can spec it on all the other trims, including the range-topping High Altitude model. And on the topic of high altitude, that’s where a Gladiator diesel will have another advantage over a gas model, thanks to its forced induction. At sea level, the 3.6-liter has the edge on horsepower (285 horses to the 3.0’s 260), but drive to Crested Butte and it’ll be a different story. Mountain folk—your preppers, off-the-grid hippies, overlanders, fugitives, and hermits—are going to want the diesel, trust us. Because, for another thing, the diesel offers more range despite its smaller fuel tank. The EPA rates the gas-powered automatic Overland at 19 mpg combined and the diesel at 24 mpg combined (28 mpg on the highway). We found the difference to be even more extreme, recording 14 mpg observed fuel economy in the gas Overland and 23 mpg in the diesel. The diesel Gladiator’s 75-mph highway fuel-economy result was also impressive at 27 mpg, six better than the gasser. Those numbers bolster the subjective expression that the gas engine is working hard in its everyday business while the diesel is relaxed and happy with its role as a truck engine. They also mean that despite the current price disparity between regular unleaded and diesel, the oil-burning Gladiator should gradually recoup its upfront cost. And we mean really gradually, like beyond-100,000-miles gradually, but if the gas vs. diesel price relationship returns to where it was a year ago, the Gladiator’s diesel powertrain would pay for itself in less than 60,000 miles (not counting the occasional swig of DEF). Or even fewer miles if you’re frequently towing. Plus, you can put your spark-plug budget toward the lift kit and bigger tires that the Overland needs to visually offset its wiener-dog proportions.LOWS: Not as quick as the gas version, expensive, noisier on the highway.Now, we did mention that the Gladiator diesel is noisier at idle and cruising speed, but at wide-open throttle, it’s much quieter—72 decibels to 77—which again points to its comportment. And the sounds it makes are cool, if you appreciate the determined clatter of compression ignition and the scree of a turbocharger working in concert with a fuel-injection system pressurized to 29,000 psi. It’s the aural signature of a truck that you hear before you see it, materializing out of a blizzard carrying tow straps and spare fuel cans like a Saint Bernard with a keg around its neck. Andi Hedrick|Car and DriverIf you hate that sound, then maybe the Gladiator diesel is not for you. This is, after all, a convertible body-on-frame pickup truck with solid axles and removable doors. In upscale Overland trim, it’s a caveman in business casual. It’s a freak, a collector’s item, the kind of pet project you’d expect Jeep to roll out at the Easter Jeep Safari and then forget about. The diesel might not be the engine most people get, but it’s the one a Gladiator ought to have.SpecificationsSpecifications
    2023 Jeep Gladiator Overland EcoDieselVehicle Type: front-engine, rear/4-wheel-drive, 5-passenger, 4-door pickup
    PRICE
    Base/As Tested: $53,025/$71,400 Options: Popular Equipment package (Trailer Tow package, McKinley-trimmed premium front seats, premium-wrapped instrument panel, full-length floor console, leather-wrapped shift knob and parking brake handle, rear sliding window, heavy-duty engine cooling, 240-volt alternator, black 3-piece hardtop), $4045; body-color 3-piece hardtop, $1895; LED Lighting group (LED headlights, fog lights, taillights), $1795; Safety group (rear park assist, blind-spot and cross-path detection), $1395; Cold Weather group (remote start, heated front seats, heated leather-wrapped steering wheel), $1345; Advanced Safety group (adaptive cruise control, auto high-beam headlights, advanced forward collision warning and brake assist), $1195; Trail Rail Management system (lockable rear underseat storage, exterior 115-volt AC outlet), $1095; Mopar hard tri-fold tonneau cover, $995; Forward-facing off-road camera, $795; Mopar hard-top headliner, $555; Mopar spray-in bedliner, $525; all-terrain tires, $495; Auxiliary Switch group, $495; Sarge Green paint, $495; Bluetooth wireless speaker, $445; Mopar trailer brake controller, $395; Mopar 3.0L Diesel hood graphic, $245; Mopar all-weather floor mats, $170
    ENGINE
    turbocharged and intercooled DOHC 24-valve diesel V-6, iron block and aluminum heads, direct fuel injectionDisplacement: 182 in3, 2987 cm3Power: 260 hp @ 3600 rpmTorque: 442 lb-ft @ 1400 rpm
    TRANSMISSION
    8-speed automatic
    CHASSIS
    Suspension, F/R: live axle/live axleBrakes, F/R: 13.0-in vented disc/13.6-in vented disc Tires: Bridgestone Dueler A/T255/70R-18 113T M+S
    DIMENSIONS
    Wheelbase: 137.3 inLength: 218.0 inWidth: 73.8 inHeight: 73.1 inPassenger Volume, F/R: 54/50 ft3Curb Weight: 5312 lb
    C/D TEST RESULTS
    60 mph: 7.3 sec1/4-Mile: 15.6 sec @ 87 mph100 mph: 22.2 secResults above omit 1-ft rollout of 0.3 sec.Rolling Start, 5–60 mph: 8.2 secTop Gear, 30–50 mph: 3.9 secTop Gear, 50–70 mph: 5.5 secTop Speed (gov ltd): 112 mphBraking, 70–0 mph: 194 ftRoadholding, 300-ft Skidpad: 0.74 g
    C/D FUEL ECONOMY
    Observed: 23 mpg75-mph Highway Driving: 27 mpg75-mph Highway Range: 490 mi
    EPA FUEL ECONOMY
    Combined/City/Highway: 24/22/28 mpg
    C/D TESTING EXPLAINED More

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    1969 De Tomaso Mangusta Road Test: High Adventure

    From the November 1969 issue of Car and Driver.For the record, the de Tomaso Mangus­ta is mortal. It is a car assembled from workaday nuts, bolts, and aluminum cast­ings just like every other car. That is what it is for the record; for the driver, it is high adventure. You sit low in the Mangusta, almost on the floor, in a bucket seat that allows no choices of posture. You stretch out for the tiny wood-and-leather steering wheel, while pale luminescent needles waver across seven black dials. The vast windshield sweeps back from the cowl to almost touch your forehead, and just behind your neck is a flat bulkhead, to block out the sound from the engine compartment but not rear vision. You are aware of heat, partly emotional and partly mechanical, and a murmur of the exhaust filters into the tightly sealed cockpit as the Mangusta skims nervously over the pavement. That is the visual and tactile Mangusta—but only a few can drive it, and only those few will ever know that the driver’s nerve endings do not contact absolute automotive perfection. More 1960s Vehicular IconsBut anyone can watch—if only happy circumstance puts him in the right place at the right time—and to the beholder, the Mangusta’s mortal internals are of insig­nificant consequence. Rather than merely seeing a car go by, he is a witness to its pass­ing, the Greek-like simplicity and beauty of its shape are stunning, and more often than not he is transfixed. It is only a car, to be sure, but its appearance is so powerful that it alters the life path of its driver and any­one else who falls within its magnetic field. Our experience within the first 24 hours couldn’t have been just coincidence. As we were parking, a young lady in a Pontiac suddenly realized she was terribly lost and wandered over for directions, consolation, and to show us she wore no ring on the third finger of her left hand. Only moments later a police car screeched to a halt and backed up beside the illegally parked Mangusta. And then something that never happens happened. The cops—caught up totally in their vision—forgot to write a ticket. Only a few short hours later we had an invitation home to dinner from a remote business ac­quaintance—and why not? Having the Mangusta parked in your driveway is the next best thing to the entire Presidential motorcade. To 12-year-old boys it looms as a promise of the future—a Tomorrowland bustling with sleek forged-alloy and stain­less steel machines. To 12-year-olds the Mangusta is clearly irresistible. They will dream about it and in dreaming fasten upon it, and their legacy will be a layer of finger­prints that J. Edgar Hoover couldn’t unravel in a year. Benyas-Kaufman|Car and DriverSuch is the power of the de Tomaso Man­gusta, the power to make its driver an en­vied and emulated man wherever he goes. And, in a day of convenient mind expanders that can be either smoked or swallowed, the Mangusta acquires its stimulant-like quali­ties from a legitimate source—the drawing board of Giorgetto Giugiaro (C/D, Febru­ary, 1969), an automotive stylist whose rejects would be instant hits in Detroit. As other cars exist because of certain speciali­ties—the Ferraris because of their excellent mechanicals, Detroit cars in general be­cause they offer more convenience-per-dol­lar than anything else in the world, and Volkswagens because somehow they seem like the most car for the minimum cash out­lay—the de Tomaso Mangusta exists be­cause it is the most beautiful car in the world. Moreover, it is close enough to being a real car that it must be judged on its automotive qualities as well as its looks. We have said that the Mangusta exists for the beauty of its shape, and yet the chassis is something of a masterpiece in its own right.You will remember that the Mangusta has a first name—de Tomaso. Alessandro de Tomaso is an Argentinian of just over 40 years, an automotive innovator who has proven to be his own worst distraction when it comes to honing his ideas down to the point where they are suitable for pro­duction. His 10 years as a car builder have been punctuated with racing formula cars, building show cars, and producing some few, like the Vallelunga. In retrospect, how­ever, it can be said that de Tomaso has done little to aggravate the world’s traffic prob­lem. Still, fortunes change, and de Tomaso’s outlook took a sharp upward turn in 1967. At that time, through some near Balkan financial manipulations, an American firm, Rowan Industries, Inc., bought the faltering Italian coachbuilder, Ghia, and de Tomaso was named president—a perhaps not-so­-strange coincidence since Mrs. de Tomaso is closely related to several high officials at Rowan. It wasn’t long after this that the Mangusta, which first appeared at the Turin Show in 1966, began to show signs of be­coming a production car, even though pro­duction didn’t start in earnest until the fall of 1968. Now bodies are built in Turin on chassis from de Tomaso’s Modena plant. We have said that the Mangusta exists for the beauty of its shape, and yet the chassis is something of a masterpiece in its own right. Of course, it is a mid-engine lay­out. No car could have so little overhang and taper down to its ends like that and still have an engine of any size anywhere but in the middle. The frame is a backbone ar­rangement (which de Tomaso has pio­neered) and is singularly responsible for making the Mangusta about as habitable as any 43-inch high automobile could ever be. All of the car’s structure through the passenger compartment is a rectangular sec­tion—about elbow high and 10 inches wide—which doubles as a console. This means that there are no broad structural sills to crawl over and the bottom of the door opening is almost at floor level—all very easy for going ashore or deplaning or disembarking. Just behind the backbone, the frame branches out into rectangular steel tubing members to surround the engine and provide attaching points for the rear sus­pension. Benyas-Kaufman|Car and DriverAll of the suspension, but particularly the rear, is done up very much like a Can­Am car. With the exception of the front lower arms all of the suspension members are fabricated of tubing with adjustable, weather-sealed spherical ball ends at the pivots. Sliding spline halfshafts are used at the rear. The Mangusta’s suspension offers a particular lesson to those who ac­cuse Detroit of using too much rubber. The Mangusta has none, and traveling over tar strips and on certain road surfaces is enough to prompt unknowing passengers to inquire with some urgency as to the source of all that noise. Fortunately, the road noise is of such a frequency that it doesn’t seri­ously interfere with conversation or listen­ing to the radio, but it can be very annoying if that sort of thing gets to you. Engine noise, always thought to be a problem in mid-engine cars, is no more apparent in the Mangusta than in a conventional front­-engine sports car. Just behind the passenger compartment is a dead-stock Ford 302-cubic-inch 4-bbl. V-8 rated at 230 horsepower, the same engine that was optional on Mustangs in 1968. In Eu­ropean Mangustas you can have an exten­sively modified 289, but the U.S. emission laws preclude that sort of frivolous consumption here. The only visible attempt to squeeze a bit more power out of the U.S. version is a set of streamlined, short-branch exhaust headers that feed through very short exhaust pipes to a pair of dual-outlet mufflers just behind the rear suspension. The radiator is mounted up front and the coolant pipes pass through the cockpit at the bottom of the backbone. At low speeds you can occasionally hear water gushing through the tubes, a bit of audio entertain­ment denied you in your everyday front­-engine exotica. A manually-switched elec­tric cooling fan is provided for traffic situa­tions.Space has been allotted carefully in the Mangusta and it shows. The spare tire is stowed over the transaxle in the rear, and the battery is mounted in the extreme right rear corner.One of the more serious problems with mid-engine cars that use front-engine-car engines is the location of the normal en­gine-driven accessories like the alternator, air pump for exhaust emission control, and the air conditioning compressor. You can make the wheelbase long and leave the ac­cessories on the front of the engine in the conventional fashion, or you can try to keep the wheelbase to a reasonable length and move the pumps and things somewhere else. De Tomaso has chosen the latter. The Man­gusta’s wheelbase is 98.0 inches, the same as the Corvette. The only room left for the pumps and alternator is at the rear of the block where they are belt-driven from a jackshaft that runs back along the top of the intake manifold. Engineering problems like this tend to amplify the difficulty of designing a successful mid-engine passenger car. No one dis­putes that a mid-engine location provides favorable weight distribution for a racing car but, at first, the location of the engine entirely within the wheelbase in a car that is supposed to carry passengers and luggage seems like an irresponsible luxury. But think about it for a while. Any front-engine sports car that even approaches 50/50 weight distribution has its motor entirely behind the front-wheel centerline. The problem, then, simply becomes one of which end of the engine do you want the driver to sit on. In either case, you can only push him so far forward or so far aft until he is up against the wheelhouses, and this actually favors the mid-engine car because he can angle his feet in slightly to miss the front wheel space. The Mangusta makes an excellent case for the mid-engine concept. Admittedly, the engine accessibility is difficult, but there is as much usable room for the driver and passenger in every direction but up, and as much luggage space as there is in a Corvette, and the Corvette is a full 14 inches longer. Space has been allotted carefully in the Mangusta and it shows. The spare tire (same size as the fronts) is stowed over the transaxle in the rear, and the battery is mounted in the extreme right rear corner. Between the right rear wheel and the pas­senger seat, flanking the engine, is the gas tank and a like-size space on the driver’s side is open for cargo. The real trunk is up front, a highly irregular-shaped compart­ment since frame members intrude in vari­ous spots, but enough for a reasonable quantity of luggage nonetheless. Benyas-Kaufman|Car and DriverOf course, all the luggage space in the world isn’t much consolation if you can’t fit into the cockpit, and if you are much over six-feet tall it’s going to be a problem. Legroom is plenty good enough, even though you’re obliged to point your limbs in toward the center of the car, but it’s your head that will get you every time. The driver’s seat in the test car had been low­ered for a bit more clearance, but on the passenger’s side, a 6-footer’s head would rub on the roof. Part of this clearance problem stems from the Mangusta’s erect driving position—a sharp contrast to other mid­-engine cars like the Lotus Europa and the Ford GT Mk III. However, the Mangusta has a great advantage over the other two in ease of entry and exit, since a reclining seat requires that the steering wheel be brought so far toward the driver that it is difficult to slide out from under. Once you are in you’re immediately con­fronted by a miniature wood-rim steering wheel that is leather covered in the two sections where you are expected to grab a hold. The instrument panel has a gauge for everything you can imagine, all round, white-on-black Veglias marked in English, but most of the smaller ones are obscured by the plump steering wheel rim. In the Italian exotica tradition, there is an endless row (seven, actually) of toggle switches to summon every genie in the house. None of them can do anything about the most seri­ous navigational problem of all, however, rear visibility. The Mangusta turns out to be one of those cars in which you pick a lane and drive in it until you have some very strong reason to do otherwise. The rear quarters are completely blind (the test car had no outside mirrors) and the inside mirror sees very little more than the rib that runs down between the two rear windows. Those stiff of neck will find the inside mir­ror a challenge in itself, since it’s on about the same latitude as the end of your nose and you have to turn your head almost completely sideways to see it. Visibility isn’t the only factor that takes the edge of pleasure off of driving the Mangusta. The hydraulically-operated clutch is very stiff, although the pedal travel is com­mendably short, and the accelerator oper­ates a cable throttle linkage that feels as though it’s been lubricated with gravel. Since the five-speed ZF transaxle is clear at the rear of the car, the linkage is necessarily remote and loses most of its accuracy in the process. The lever moves through a chrome-plated maze in the console with the top four speeds in an H-pattern and first gear to the left rear, outside the H. Almost invariably the system hangs up between first and second, and it takes a hefty push against a strong spring to engage fourth or fifth. To give you an idea of the closeness of the transmission ratios, third and fifth in the ZF are almost exactly the same spread as third and fourth in the close­-ratio Corvette box—so you can see that fourth in the Mangusta is really splitting hairs. If the Mangusta is meant to do anything it is meant to handle well, and its capabilities are certainly well above anything that can be used in polite traffic.Performance of the Mangusta is modest for several reasons. Even though the car weighs only 2915 pounds the stock 302 Ford V-8 was never known for its muscles. Partly because of the air pump and partly because of what felt like fuel starva­tion, this particular Ford was all done be­fore 5000 rpm, and the best times were obtained by shifting at 4700. With all of these handicaps, a lethargic engine and a difficult shifter, 15.0 seconds at 91 mph in the standing quarter was the best the Man­gusta could do. Braking didn’t set any records either. Four-wheel disc brakes are used with vac­uum assist but pedal pressure is still high. With more than 62 percent of the total weight on the rear wheels, they were the last to lock up, but it still took 297 feet (0.72 g) to stop from 80 mph. Even though the stops were made in a very orderly, straight-line manner, fade was apparent and the brake pedal bottomed out on the third try. We aren’t sure why the Mangusta doesn’t stop quicker but it’s barely adequate as it is. If the Mangusta is meant to do anything it is meant to handle well, and its capabilities are certainly well above anything that can be used in polite traffic. To help contend with the rearward weight bias, tire capacity is also biased toward the rear with 185 HR-15 Dunlop SPs on 7-inch wide wheels in front and 225 HR 15s on 8-inch wide wheels at the rear. Since this test, except for the acceleration and braking phases at Detroit Dragway, was conducted entirely on public roads, some restraint was necessary in eval­uating the handling. Early impressions with the tires inflated equally all around are that the Mangusta corners with much higher rear slip angles, which is to say a larger drift angle, than is normally found in a car wearing radial-ply tires. Further evaluations produced distinct oversteering tendencies with power, and the 4.5 turns lock-to-lock steering ratio makes for tardiness in trying to stay ahead of the wide swinging tail. (In­flating the rear tires to a higher pressure than the fronts would be helpful in obtain­ing a better balance.) So stiff are the anti­-sway bars, both front and rear, that no mat­ter what gymnastics we put the Mangusta through we were never aware of any body roll angle whatsoever. Even though the car is fairly sensitive to driver technique, we were cornering very rapidly, and there is no doubt that the Mangusta is capable of very high lateral acceleration rates. The de Tomaso Mangusta is a car assembled from workaday nuts, bolts, and aluminum casting just like every other car. That is what it is for the record; for the driver, it is high adventure.Mid-engine location and Group 7- style suspension notwithstanding, it is to the man who likes intricate hand-built cars that the Mangusta will have the greatest appeal. Workmanship varies from good to excel­lent. All of the sheet metal, including the aluminum trunk lid and engine covers, which fold up like butterfly wings, is per­fectly formed, and the silver paint was of show-car quality. Inside, the leather upholstery is simply and smoothly done with the bonus of a delicious hide smell that no liv­ing cow even suspected it was capable of. Then there are the little touches that you have to look for, like the complicated spring-and-lever device to hold the door open at full swing which works smoothly if not very well. And behind the instrument panel, under the clutch and brake master cylinder, which are located inside the cock­pit, are, get this, sponge-covered trays to catch any leaks before they drip on your trouser legs. De Tomaso scores high with an eye toward the inevitable. Unfortunately, some of the more crucial devices aren’t quite so well worked out. In low-speed operation, particularly with the cooling fan and air conditioning on, the battery finds itself in a deficit spending sit­uation which it will tolerate for only the shortest of terms. At one point during the test, we had to enlist the aid of two highly paid photographers to push the Mangusta over to the edge of a hill so we could coast down to get it started. The problem appears to be a slow pulley ratio for the alternator drive since the system doesn’t start to charge until about 1300 rpm. The Mangusta’s air conditioning reminds us of a conversation with Peter Monteverdi when he was being criticized about the amount of space the air conditioner occu­pied in the console of his new four-seater 375L. “All of the other European manufac­turers can keep their air conditioners pretty much out of sight, so why can’t you?” was the essence of our rude question. He nodded, smiled broadly and said through his interpreter, “It’s true that you can’t see the others, but you can’t feel them either.” That certainly describes the Mangusta. The vast, sloping windshield makes the cockpit very much like a radiant hot dog cooker and the occupants are the hot dogs. The air conditioner can barely keep up with the heat coming in through the glass, not to mention that generated by the engine and the general warmth of the day. All of this is little wonder when you see the .049 McCoy-size compressor hanging off the engine. Just to see if these problems were chronic we called Kjell Qvale, an irascible West Coast car merchant who, behind the shingle of British Motor Car Distributors. Ltd., is the American importer of the Mangusta. He was quick to agree that the air condi­tioner was a joke but explained that there had recently been a change from a Tecum­seh compressor (which was used in the test car) to a higher capacity York which made a significant improvement. He also allowed as how some reshuffling of the alternator drive pulleys had revitalized the electrical system. We hope he is right. Those of you who think of the Mangusta as a rare commodity are in for a surprise. Qvale claims to have brought 130 cars into the U.S. since last fall, roughly half of the total production and expects to con­tinue in at least this volume until the ex­emption from the federal safety standards expires in 1971. Right now the Mangusta doesn’t meet any of the standards and there is a plaque to that effect, signed by de Tomaso himself, in the trunk. In fact, the car doesn’t even have seat belts, which is inexcusable, no matter what exemptions are invoked. As a car the Mangusta has character, but it is hardly what you would call gentle on either mind or body. It does, however, pre­sent an opportunity to pick up a brilliantly contemporary piece of automotive sculp­ture for only $11,500. There are other cars we would rather drive but none we would rather be seen in.SpecificationsSpecifications
    1969 De Tomaso MangustaVehicle Type: mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive, 2-passenger, 2-door coupe
    PRICE
    Base/As Tested: $11,500/$11,685Options: AM/FM radio, $185.
    ENGINEpushrod V-8, iron block and headsDisplacement: 302 in3, 4950 cm3Power: 230 hp @ 4800 rpmTorque: 310 lb-ft @ 2800 rpm 
    TRANSMISSION5-speed manual
    CHASSIS
    Suspension, F/R: control arms/control armsBrakes, F/R: 11.5-in solid disc/11.0-in solid disc
    DIMENSIONS
    Wheelbase: 98.4 inLength: 168.3 inWidth: 72.0 inHeight: 43.3 inCurb Weight: 2915 lb
    C/D TEST RESULTS
    60 mph: 6.3 sec1/4-Mile: 15.0 sec @ 91 mph100 mph: 18.7 secBraking, 80–0 mph: 297 ftRoadholding: 0.72 g 

    C/D FUEL ECONOMY
    Observed: 14–16 mpg
    C/D TESTING EXPLAINED More

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    From the Archive: 1992 Ferrari 512TR Epic Cross-Country Road Trip

    From the August 1992 issue of Car and Driver.Blue skies, 75 degrees, zero humidity in Cypress, California. This is the site of Ferrari’s West Coast office. And the new 512TR—which needs to be delivered to New Jersey—is already hors de combat. “Cold-start problems,” explains a Ferrari technician. This is a little like being told your polar Ski-Doo expedi­tion is canceled on account of snow. I make use of the two-day delay to get an amusing and detailed trans-America itinerary from Mike Wilkins, an author of The New Roadside America. This book should be manda­tory equipment in every car, like a spare tire (see following paragraph). The Ferrari 512TR wears eighteen-inch tires. No other production car on the planet is so equipped, and this vehi­cle has been engineered to carry no spare. What if a tire blows chunks in Fairy, Texas? Here is what the owner’s manual advises: “In order to ensure safe travel, it is imperative that the tires are kept in an excellenition…the tire ages event if it is used or not used at all.” At first this confused me, but the text later cleared it all up: “Then the front and rear mudguards are screwed, and the hoods, made up of aluminum (anticorodal).” That was pretty much what I had been thinking. OneTo Tucson on day one, where I put the Ferrari to bed—removing it from pub­lic view by wrapping it in a snug, felt-lined cover with side pockets the size of adoles­cent basset hounds to swallow the mirrors. The next morn, I do not have cold-start problems because I do not have a battery with a single erg of cranking power.Car and DriverYoung Bran Riggs (“Bran, like the cereal,” he says), whom I meet standing at the cashier’s desk in the hotel lobby, vol­unteers to push in return for a ride. Push? Pushing is not one of our options: this Ferrari is twelve pounds heavier than a Cadillac Sedan de Ville. We locate jumper cables. After ten minutes of Siamese hookup, I demonstrate to Riggs—merely for the purpose of effecting immediate alternator recharge of the battery—65 mph in second gear in downtown Tucson. Bran, like the cereal, asks if he can get out. TwoIf you care to look, you will find a Titan ICBM silo south of Tucson. Even if you do not care to look, the Russians still do, overflying the Green Valley site via satellite every 30 minutes or so. Before descending into the silo, you learn that a launched missile pokes first through the stratopause 30 miles up, then at 50 miles pierces the mesopause, where it gets cranky and irritable. My guide, spiel con­cluded, follows me to the lot to examine the Ferrari. He says, “Guy here yesterday in a 1927 Lamborghini, you should have seen it.” ThreeNext morning, near Nogales, battery again DOA. Another jumpstart, this one costing actual cash. I learn that the electric fan in front of the air-conditioner con­denser no longer recalls how to relax. I must remember before going to bed to yank its relay. I forget this instantly. FourEast of Tucson, on I-10 near Benson, I connect with a quintessentially American roadside attraction, housed in a tin ware­house painted in broad stripes—yellow, red, and blue. Here, at the home of “The Thing?,” I find pecan logs as big as night­sticks and a vast array of rattlesnake earrings, tarantulas in Lucite, bolo ties (“variations on a turquoise theme,” intones the clerk), and rattlesnake eggs (“Keep in a cool place to prevent hatching”). “The Thing?” itself costs 75 cents to view and includes supporting acts: a Graham-Paige truck, a 1937 Rolls-Royce, a 1932 Buick, and an exhibit depicting ancient methods of torture. This diorama includes a brawny male wax figure wear­ing Pampers who is stretched in agony on a rack, alongside a slatternly brunette with a suggestively slit skirt who is being flogged. Viewing for the whole family. After the Ferrari was used as a Red Roof Inn, its cockpit quickly filled with debris.John Phillips|Car and DriverThe main exhibit, “The Thing?,” is a desiccated corpse in a coffin set amid a motif of hanging driftwood fashioned to resemble the last twenty seconds of George Custer’s life. The question mark after “The Thing?” is nowhere explained, nor will you feel compelled to have it explained. Departing in the midday Arizona sun, the Ferrari briefly triggers its SLOW DOWN warning lamps, which glow men­acingly if you overburden the catalysts with sustained and felonious velocities. A queer warning from machinery whose pur­pose is to deliver speed sufficient to earn its operator a sentence of 300 hours of community service. FiveI make it that night to Mesilla, New Mexico, check into the La Quinta Inn, and examine the northern end of the bed for eight hours without having first defused the Ferrari. This gives me, in the parking lot the next morn, yet another opportunity to introduce myself to fellow travelers who possess jumper cables. Mesilla, once the capital of both Arizona and New Mexico, was a stop on the Butterfield Overland Trail from St. Louis to San Francisco—a forerunner to the Pony Express. The plaza contains the oldest brick building in New Mexico and the courthouse in which Billy the Kid was sentenced to hang. Maybe. It is insanely quaint—the average American’s notion of what a Mexican village should resemble minus scabby upholstery salesmen and diseased cats.SixHead north from Las Cruces on Route 70 through the middle of the White Sands Missile Range (where the army often stops traffic for fear something seek­ing heat might seek it in the engine bay of Aunt Ethel’s Winnebago) and you land on the steps of the International Space Hall of Fame, in Alamogordo. Visit the burial site of Ham the Astrochimp, a fetching primate who uneventfully but quite involuntarily plunged through the mesopause himself in 1961. A fiberglass replica of Ham suggests his legs were severed and he was fitted with Howard Cosell’s hairpiece. It is in Alamogordo that one of the burning issues of our time has been wres­tled to Earth’s crust: How, exactly, does one boldly go where no man has gone before? On display here is the answer, a Skylab commode, complete with instruc­tions: “Pulling up gate valve control acti­vates slinger motor…slinger tines shred feces and deposit it in thin layer on com­mode walls.” This sounds pretty much what I might have done if, like Ham, I had been plunged moonward without consent. It also explains the NASA pejorative, “You are a slinger.”John Phillips|Car and DriverSevenAt the Texas border, the 512TR and I grimace through a body-shuddering crow impact,­ this despite the car’s heavy but precise steering, which is much like that in an Acura NSX. I jinked to miss what this football-size scavenger was eating—looked like javelina entrails—and the crow jinked to miss the incoming red Ferrari. Self-canceling jinks. I stop. There is no sign of the Ferrari’s AC condenser having eaten crow, although there is a fairly complete and graphic display of javelina gastrointestinal subassemblies in the right-front wheel well. I skip looking in there too closely, on the theory that a 140-mph burst will deliver a ground-effects cleansing. It does. And it gives me cause to listen to the Ferrari achieve its 7300-rpm redline in four gears. As Joe Bob Briggs says, “We are talking serious chop sockey, here.” The 512TR produces 421 hp at 6750 rpm, a 41-hp increase over the TR it replaces, thanks largely to higher-com­pression pistons. The new car punches through the quar­ter-mile in 13.0 seconds at 110 mph, ver­sus the old TR’s 13.3 at 107. From dead rest to 60 mph requires five seconds flat­—no improvement. If you keep track of such things, that is 0.6 second longer than required by a Lamborghini Diablo or a Porsche 911 Turbo. The 512TR could probably crack off consistent 4.8-second 0-to-60 sprints (the acceleration the factory asserts, in fact) were it not for the lollygagging you must invest in the byzantine upshift to second gear. Ferrari cannot bear to part with the anachronistic plastic eight-ball shift knob, held skyward at the tip of a spindly metal pole that juts out of a hedge-trimmer maze of aluminum teeth and gates. The 512TR now fetches $212,160. This is without a radio. This is without a spare. This is $84,000 more than I owe for my home, although an ex-sewage com­missioner’s house will not circulate a skidpad at 0.92 g (more grip than a 911 Turbo) without kitchen cutlery flying out of drawers. Downtown Comudas, Texas, population “five or six.”John Phillips|Car and DriverEightEast of El Paso on Route 62/180, is Comudas, Texas, population “five or six.” A motel, two working gas pumps, and a cafe. That is all. A time warp, a Scorsese movie set. The outdoor restrooms are next to a garden prominently posted, “Keep out of cactus,” suggesting that tourists daily frolic pantsless in the spiny ocotillo.NineRoute 62/180 is one of Texas’s great. Straight, unmolested country two-lanes, shadowed by buttes and mesas and purple table-top hummocks that lead an ever-upward march to Guadalupe Peak at 8751 feet—the highest point in Texas. In this region raged the El Paso Salt War of 1877. I aim south on Route 54, along whose kelly-green edges are few traces of civilization and whose 55-mile length the Ferrari and I traverse in, it looks like 20 minutes, at an average clip of 4500 rpm in fifth gear, the speedometer having been painstakingly positioned so that its operator will not be distracted by the digits between 40 and 120 mph. Here the Ferrari and I enter the Central Time Zone at a speed that might convert more readily to Greenwich Mean Time. And here I find the sort of driving and scenery that cause men to abandon their Franklin Planners to stare doe-eyed at roadhouse waitresses named Winona Rae. TenThen back to the real world. At the end of Route 54 and the intersection of I-10 is Van Horn, Texas, a place with all the charm of Sam Kinison’s car wreck. Darkness is falling. I take what is intended to be an hour-long nap, wrapping myself mummy-style in the Ferrari’s Gore-Tex cover. I awake not 60 minutes later but seven hours later in an Olympic sweat as the Texas sun uncorks an unignorable solar broadside. I am more or less left crip­pled by this experience, but it seems prob­able that I emerge the first sentient being to spend a wholly wakeless night in a Ferrari 512TR. (Fine, write Ed. if you’ve already done it.) Car and DriverThat I could even daydream in this car, never mind sleep, says something about its spaciousness. This is no optical illusion. The 512TR is 3.5 inches wider than Mercedes’s beefiest megacruiser, the 600SEL. It also says something about the seats, which are among the world’s most comfortable for twelve-hour days of potentially weary wheelwork. These seats are as pliable as an armadillo, and they offer only two adjustments. Just like the seats in the Acura NSX, which are possi­bly the best in the known universe. There is a lesson here. ElevenIn the Fort Stockton, Texas, ceme­tery, a few yards from Paisano Pete (world’s largest roadrunner), lie the remains of Sheriff A.J. Royal, who, like another A.J. from this very state, ran his affairs with suffi­cient lone-star bullheadedness that veins in the foreheads of most townsfolk began to bulge. Six locals met secretly in November 1894 to draw beans (no straws available), and the sheriff shortly thereafter showed up for work one morning fatally and seriously dead. Bad luck, but it did earn A.J. a tombstone—a surpassing rarity in those days—on whose face remains the as-yet­-uneroded epitaph, “Assassinated.” TwelveHead east on I-10 and a little north through brown, scrubby Texas Hill Country and you find Iraan, just a few miles past a sign that says, “Caution, poi­son gas produced in this area.” Like the real Iran. Iraan is home to the Marathon Oil Discovery well, tapped in 1926 by I.C. Yates, a revelation that encouraged the great Texas oil boom. Yates (most likely kin to Assassin Brock) had never heard of a country called Iran. He simply invented the town’s label by combining his first name, Ira, and his wife’s, Ann. He might have withdrawn that familial contraction had he known that Iraan would later be better known as the birth­place of the Alley Oop comic strip—now commemorated by Kenworth-size con­crete likenesses of Mr. Oop and “Dinny, his pet dinosaure [sic],” which someone has evidently erected without permission in the town park.Easy parking in Hico, TexasJohn Phillips|Car and DriverThirteenBlaze 225 miles east to the Buckhorn Museum, appropriately attached to the Lone Star Brewery. Here is how to find it: Drive to that section of San Antonio where Monte Carlo lowriders cruise not with vinyl but with shag carpet­ing glued to their roofs. The Buckhorn Museum features an extensive collection of stuffed animals with an expansive range of deformities—an elk with “freak antler growth,” a “deer with diseased antler,” lamps made of deer limbs, a tribute to “a totally blind hunter,” and a squirrel perma­nently coiled in its most deadly poised-to-­strike pose, just moments before a Texan gunned it into segments so minute that only a veteran taxidermist could reassem­ble the rodent, using extensive diagrams and drawings. To be fair, the Buckhorn Museum is not all antlers. It includes the Hall of Fins and the History of Barbed Wire, although I bypass both when a Baptist school bus disgorges 30 third-graders next to the Ferrari, into whose right door lock one enterprising young Baptist is urgently wedging an impressive quantity of Gummy Bears. By the fifth day, I am exasperated by the attention the Ferrari draws. Knots of gawkers during refueling. Mini riots on the main streets of villages, where one cop asks, “You planning to move soon, cause there’s going to be a wreck or something.” North of San Antonio, exiting Interstate 35 for a rest, I am followed by two onlook­ers whose cars flank the Ferrari like pilot fish. Both drivers get out and follow me into the restroom. They deliver rapid-fire interrogation as I stand before the urinal. “How much?” “How fast?” “Where you headed?” “How’d you get this job?” As I exit the outhouse­—walking briskly past a stallion that a cowboy is leading through the pet-exercise area—a bystander blurts, “How much do you make?” By the sixth morning, I learn to wrap the car in its cover within 120 sec­onds of arrival in any parking lot. Driving a 512TR affords a grim glimpse of what it is like to have a celebrity’s face. Being seen in this Ferrari fast wears surpassingly thin, whereas driving the car fast never does. FourteenSeguin, Texas: world’s largest pecan, on a pedestal in the town square. A plaque in front of this refrigerator­-size, 1000-pound nut reads: “Cabeza de Vaca traveled the River of Nuts. He…had ample opportunity to observe the growth and fruiting habits of pecans…the first recorded contribution to the pecan literature.” I am not notably low on pecan literature. FifteenFrom Seguin, it is but a short drive to the snake farm at the Engels Road exit off I-35, just south of New Braunfels. Here, for $4.98, you may purchase “Pure, unadulterated 100-percent genuine bull shit.” Other high­lights: a deep rattlesnake pit with an excellent assortment of cockroaches­—next to a machine that measures your heart rate for 25 cents—and a two­-headed monkey corpse under glass. From which you may want to drive to McDonald’s, where, for the third time, just as I enunciate my order into the drive-thru clown’s head, the 512TR’s water hits 195 degrees, triggering the side-mounted fans. This sounds like a Husqvarna chain saw in a pay toilet—a racket that reliably causes McDonald’s servers to shout, possibly as many as five times, “What?” SixteenAs it happens, the 60-mile stretch of I-35 between San Antonio and Austin is awash in grade-A tourist effluvia, most of it superior to the Dan Blocker Memorial Head (Hoss’s head, not a commemorative marine lavatory) in O’Donnell, Texas, Check out Topsy Turvy World (“the anti­gravity world”), Dinosaur Land, Wonder World (“see an earthquake from the inside out”), Vasectomy Reversal (“money-back guarantee”), Luby’s Cafeteria (site of the Killeen massacre and a potential installment of Wilkins’s Doom Tour), and Aquarena Springs, whose diving pig Ralph swims with a palsied dog paddle that proves him traitorous to a dozen performing porcine predecessors. John Phillips|Car and DriverSeventeenGlen Rose, southwest of Fort Worth: a Norman Rockwell village filled with persons who entrust their savings to the Cow Pasture Bank, “home-owned and operated since 1921.” The Ferrari triggers a festival here. One onlooker observes that to spend $212,160 on any car, “you have to be dumb as fungus, dumb as an acre of mud.” It did not help that, as I entered Glen Rose, I maintained the 512TR’s flat twelve at about 5500 rpm in first gear—this to enjoy the Valkyrian exhaust shriek. Which, it turns out, is not a sound that Glen Rose’s residents want to learn very much more about. Glen Rose is famous for its dinosaur tracks. Three kinds: acrocanthosaurus (a meat eater), camptosaurus (a plant eater), and pleurocoelus (a tobacco chewer and phlegm dislodger). A lone track on display next to the town square is, on the day I visit, filled with chocolate milk. Check out the Creation Evidences Museum, where you may examine “humanoid footprints” in the same strata as thunderlizards. This, according to the owner, emphatically junks Chuck Dar­win’s shot at any more of those one-hour specials on the Discovery Channel. EighteenDurant, Oklahoma, home of the world’s largest peanut. Wilkins insists this is “a fraud among nuts, mere peanuts envy.” The world’s most gargantuan goober—nine feet longer—is in Ashburn, Georgia. Oklahoma’s Route 69—chunks of con­crete arrayed randomly by the ODOT­—was not designed for a 512TR with tires whose sidewalls flex with the elasticity of Scioto limestone. The Ferrari’s ride is sharp, often harsh—like a Corvette’s from a few year ago—but with far less body shake and flex. The inch or so the springs seem to deflect for these Oklahoman craters also feels like the sum total of body movement, no matter the direction. The car corners in an attitude so flat, and the seats grip so firmly, that astounding cornering forces sneak up unannounced, like Dan Quayle on a PGA tournament. My first clue: that bag of Doritos and the telephoto lens that went hurtling from the passenger’s seat with momentum suf­ficient to imprint Nikon’s logo in the kick panel. NineteenWilkins’s itinerary lands me in hardscrabble Commerce, Oklahoma, peculiarly named because there is no evi­dence it has ever had any. This is Mickey Mantle’s home town; few residents care. Mantle sold his modest yellow house, across from the football field, in 1960, but the current owner still speaks to Mickey when he isn’t making guest appearances on the shopping channel. Big Brutus in West Mineral, Kansas.John Phillips|Car and DriverTwentyA few miles north is West Mineral, Kansas, where you cannot help but observe Big Brutus, the world’s second­-largest electric shovel. It resembles the current crop of electric cars: eleven million pounds, maximum speed of 0.2 mph. The shovel’s owners permanently parked this rusting colossus in a strip pit that Brutus himself dug—this after examining an invoice that proved the thing had con­sumed $27,000 of electricity in just one month while still attached to the world’s thickest extension cord. This is unfortu­nately unlike electric cars, which cannot dig the pits in which they may similarly play out eternity. Twenty-OneIn Carthage, Missouri, Wilkins cites the Precious Moments Chapel as “a mandatory stop, one of our seven won­ders.” The Chapel here is one-third Franciscan monastery, one-third Six Flags over Jesus, and one-third Fairview Mall. Imagine the outcome had the Sistine Chapel been adorned not with murals of Moses but with a clump of black-eyed dead babies loitering at the gates of heaven, each painted by a Disney animator on furlough from Hallmark Cards. Remarks Wilkins, “Is it art, or is it spiritual Nutrasweet, not only fake but containing something that when taken in large doses makes you stupid?” Twenty-TwoPast Saint Louis and the Pro Bowling Hall of Fame and into Olney, Illinois (pronounced ALL-nay). This is one of three towns vying for the title of Earth’s epicenter of albino squirrels, which, I am four times reminded, “scientists are at a loss to explain.” Townspeople are militant about this, pointing out that squirrels in rivaling Marionville, Indiana, and Kenton, Tennessee, “are pure fakes, because, look, they just don’t all have pink eyes, so they’re nothing except squirrels with white coats, okay?” An Olney patrol­man parked next to me informs: “Squirrels have the right-of-way in town. It’s a $25 fine if you run over one. Also, I can arrest you if you take one.” I subdue the impulse. Car and DriverTwenty-ThreeJohn Dillinger Wax Museum, in Nashville, Indiana. Near Gnaw Bone. Focal point: a replica of J.D.’s bullet-rid­dled body laid out on a slab, the whole tableau awash in red dye No. 3. “Many angles are offered for your viewing plea­sure,” notes Wilkins. Entry includes a peek at “Dillinger’s death trousers” (contents of his pockets on view as well) and his base­ball shoe (no clear explanation for this). Twenty-FourNext, Honda’s test track near Marysville, Ohio, where we learn that the 512TR will indeed poke its way through many portions of its speedometer I have not yet seen. Top speed is not 192 mph as advertised but a still-inspiring 187—an improvement over the 173- and 176-mph speeds we have clocked from previous Testarossas. It is also here that we test the 512TR’s new Brembo calipers and drilled rotors, which look so raffish that owners may not care whether they arrest motion. In fact, they do. From 70 mph, this car now halts in 169 feet. That is without ABS. That is a stopping distance within 36 inches of what a 911 Turbo can accomplish with ABS.Twenty-FiveSwing past the Wood County Historical Museum, on Route 6 near Bowling Green. Here are stored dried human fingers in a jar, the long-forgotten evidence in a criminal prosecution but an eminently unforgettable spectacle should you later purchase french fries at the Mt. Victory Union 76. Twenty-SixQuick stop in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, for Phil the groundhog, whose forecasts are now challenged by an equally moody rodent in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. Which town possesses the more reliable ‘hog meteorologist triggered a debate in Congress on a day when many legislators were not balancing their check­books. The town’s basketball team is known as “The Chucks.” Twenty-SevenThis is followed by an even briefer stop in Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania, for­merly known as Mauch Chunk, suggest­ing that the name change was perhaps not a notably controversial item. In town, the Olympic great’s pink-marble mausoleum lures few tourists. “Mute testament to greed untempered by market research,” says Wilkins. After 5000 hard miles, the 512TR arrives relatively unscathed at Ferrari’s New Jersey headquarters.John Phillips|Car and DriverTwenty-EightThen into Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, the 512TR ‘s home and a locale whose roads—evidently shipped intact from Beirut—and Third World drivers place the car in far greater jeopardy than it has faced in the preceding 5000 miles, except for the night I slept in it after con­suming two tacos, a granola bar, twelve ounces of Switzer’s licorice, and a quart of orange Gatorade. All of which teaches us, well, what? I went looking for U-Will-B-Amazed kitsch and instead found charm and adventure and endless entertainment, most of it nearly free except for $421 in fuel and $35.95 in jumpstarts and $212,160 for wheels but no spare. I found that America’s small towns are not only alive and well but also populated by per­sons who know whose checks are good and whose wives are not. That those same small towns are not populated exclusively by the humor-impaired. And that the tackiest and most banal roadside attrac­tions in middle America are more engrossing than the brightest and best on network television. If I owned this 512TR—the first Ferrari that I covet beyond measure—­I would stuff its map pockets full of No-Doz and The New Roadside America, cancel my subscription to Discover magazine (May cover: “Why are pygmies small?”), and pawn my big-­screen RCA. In his book Blue Highways, William Least Heat Moon says, “Any traveler who misses the journey misses about all he’s going to get.” Mr. Moon did not even own a Ferrari. He did, however, possess a spare tire.SpecificationsSpecifications
    1992 Ferrari 512TRVehicle Type: mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive, 2-passenger, 2-door coupe
    PRICE
    Base/As Tested: $212,160/$212,160
    ENGINEDOHC 48-valve flat-12, aluminum block and head, port fuel injectionDisplacement: 302 in3, 4943 cm3Power: 421 hp @ 6750 rpmTorque: 360 lb-ft @ 5500 rpm 
    TRANSMISSION[S]5-speed manual
    CHASSIS
    Suspension, F/R: control arms/control armsBrakes, F/R: 12.4-in vented disc/12.2-in vented discTires: Pirelli P ZeroF: 235/40ZR-18R: 295/35ZR-18
    DIMENSIONS
    Wheelbase: 100.4 inLength: 176.4 inWidth: 77.8 inHeight: 44.7 inPassenger Volume: 47 ft3Trunk Volume: 5 ft3Curb Weight: 3684 lb
    C/D TEST RESULTS
    60 mph: 5.0 sec100 mph: 10.3 sec1/4-Mile: 13.0 sec @ 110 mph130 mph: 17.7 sec150 mph: 26.3 secRolling Start, 5–60 mph: 5.5 secTop Gear, 30–50 mph: 6.6 secTop Gear, 50–70 mph: 7.0 secTop Speed: 187 mphBraking, 70–0 mph: 169 ftRoadholding, 300-ft Skidpad: 0.92 g 
    C/D FUEL ECONOMY
    Observed: 16 mpg
    EPA FUEL ECONOMYCity/Highway: 11/16 mpg 
    C/D TESTING EXPLAINEDThis content is imported from OpenWeb. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. More

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    Tested: 2023 Infiniti QX60 Is Playing Catch-Up

    Back when Infiniti first appeared on the scene, it did so with advertising that showed images of rocks and trees rather than cars, as the brand ruminated on the meaning of luxury. That moody, esoteric approach proved not so great at moving the metal. But Infiniti might do well to reflect on the concept of luxury once again if it wants to elevate its products, like the recently remade QX60, beyond those of rapidly gentrifying mainstream brands.For its 2022 redesign, the Infiniti QX60 ditched the amorphous, blob-like form language inherited from the JX in favor of a tauter, more modern appearance. “It looks like a baby Range Rover,” said a friend looking at the rear-quarter view, and you could almost see the QX blushing with pride. The contrast-color roof is a not-so-subtle nod to Range Rover and is exclusive to the top-spec Autograph version. Which, now that we mention it, sounds suspiciously similar to Range Rover’s fancy Autobiography trim.Marc Urbano|Car and DriverInfiniti’s Early DaysUnder the skin, the Infiniti’s sole engine is unchanged. The 3.5-liter V-6 again delivers 295 horsepower on its diet of premium fuel—versus 284 horses in the Nissan Pathfinder, which drinks regular. (The off-road-focused Pathfinder Rock Creek also produces 295 horses on premium.) Despite unchanged output, this engine is reinvigorated now that it’s no longer shackled to a continuously variable transmission but is instead paired with a nine-speed automatic. The ZF-sourced gearbox snaps off crisp downshifts (more eagerly in Sport mode) and eliminates the droning and slurred response of the previous QX60. As before, front-wheel drive is standard, though our test example had all-wheel drive. This combo hustled the QX60 to 60 mph in 6.2 seconds, a significant improvement over the previous-gen’s 7.1 seconds; it also dispatched the quarter-mile in 14.9 seconds. Those times nose past the Acura MDX (6.4 seconds to 60, a 15.1-second quarter-mile) and also the Pathfinder (which hits 60 mph in 6.6 seconds and pushes through the quarter-mile in 15.2).QX60 and Its RivalsThat said, this engine’s torque peak of 270 pound-feet doesn’t arrive until 4800 rpm, and the 3.5-liter reveals its gritty nature in the tach’s upper reaches. The QX60 is quieter than the Pathfinder, though, and cruises at 67 decibels at 70 mph, despite an annoying wind whistle around the side mirrors. We might have expected a decline in fuel economy with the departure of the continuously variable transmission, but ditching the CVT has resulted in no real penalty. EPA estimates for the new QX60 are 21/26 mpg with front-wheel drive and 20/25 mpg with AWD, both 1 mpg better in the city and 1 mpg lower on the highway than before. In our 75-mph real-world fuel-economy test, the QX60 returned 24 mpg, which bests the MDX and the Cadillac XT6 (both 22 mpg) but was 4 mpg below the Pathfinder’s result.The QX60 lacks adaptive dampers or air springs, hardware that’s common among premium-brand SUVs in this segment. Instead, its chassis largely mirrors that of the Pathfinder (except that Infiniti doesn’t bother with an off-road setup, a la the Pathfinder Rock Creek). The upper trims feature 20-inch rolling stock, while the base version gets 18-inch wheels. Those larger wheels can translate some impact harshness, which a more sophisticated suspension might be better able to filter out, and we also noted a fair bit of head toss. Don’t look for a sporty variant, as offered by Acura, BMW, and Cadillac—that’s not part of the program either. The QX60 is less athletic than the MDX, the X5, or the XT6, but it still acquitted itself well on the skidpad, where we measured 0.85 g of lateral grip with Hankook Dynapro HP2 all-season rubber. Stopping from 70 mph required a reasonable 171 feet.Marc Urbano|Car and DriverProPilot Assist, with stop-and-go capability, is included in all but the base model. Its lane-centering feature seems less polished than some competitors, though, with the QX60 sometimes hugging the lane markers on one side or the other, like an unsure newbie driver. Good thing, then, that the steering is decently weighted and responsive.HIGHS: Sharp new duds, quicker than before, tows up to 6000 pounds.The interior—the dash, the door panels, the center console—is nicely finished, and the top-spec Autograph brings quilted stitching on the seats and dash pad. But the space lacks the artistry of the original Q45—or today’s Genesis SUVs—which would help push the QX clearly into a higher tier than the also-nice Pathfinder. Predictably, the redo brings more and larger screens. Upper trims have a digital instrumentation display, and the previous 8.0-inch touchscreen gives way to a 12.3-inch unit. Apple CarPlay is wireless, although Android Auto requires a cord. Wireless charging is standard. The rotary controller is retained but moves from the dash to the console. Knobs with knurled edges control interior temperature and audio volume, although there’s no tuning knob here as there is in the Pathfinder. Climate controls are haptic-touch and need a determined push. USB ports are sprinkled generously throughout the cabin, and a panoramic sunroof is standard. Passengers in the second and third rows sit slightly higher than those in front. Only the Autograph has second-row captain’s chairs; lesser versions get a three-person bench, which is less than ideal for separating warring siblings. The third row is really tight unless second-row passengers exhibit mercy and slide their seats forward. Access to the third row is easy, though, with a push button that tilts and slides the second-row seats out of the way.LOWS: Tight third row, firm ride on 20-inch wheels, not far enough removed from its Nissan counterpart.Marc Urbano|Car and DriverThe new QX60 effectively covers the bases as a three-row family hauler. However, even fully kitted out—with a digital rearview mirror, a head-up display, and a 360-degree-view monitor—there’s not much here that can’t be found in a top-trim Kia Telluride or Hyundai Palisade. Either of those would be $10K less than our test car’s $68,390 sticker. Then there’s the closely related Pathfinder, which tops out around where the QX60 starts, just over $50,000, and is nearly as luxurious. The QX60’s core competencies are much improved, but Infiniti needs to reach further to cement this model’s premium-brand bona fides. Maybe it will help to gaze at some rocks and trees.SpecificationsSpecifications
    2023 Infiniti QX60 AWDVehicle Type: front-engine, all-wheel-drive, 6-passenger, 4-door wagon
    PRICE
    Base/As Tested: $52,395/$68,390 Options: Autograph trim (adaptive front lights, quilted leather seats with contrast stitching, second-row captain’s chairs, removable second row center console, 7 USB ports, 10.8-inch head-up display, camera-fed rearview mirror), $14,300; Deep Bordeaux paint, $900; Lighting package (welcome lighting, illuminated cargo scuff plate), $795
    ENGINE
    DOHC 24-valve V-6, aluminum block and heads, direct fuel injectionDisplacement: 213 in3, 3498 cm3Power: 295 hp @ 6400 rpmTorque: 270 lb-ft @ 4800 rpm
    TRANSMISSION
    9-speed automatic
    CHASSIS
    Suspension, F/R: struts/multilinkBrakes, F/R: 13.8-in vented disc/13.0-in vented disc Tires: Hankook Dynapro HP2255/50R-20 105H
    DIMENSIONS
    Wheelbase: 114.2 inLength: 198.2 inWidth: 78.0 inHeight: 69.7 inPassenger Volume, F/M/R: 60/49/31 ft3Cargo Volume, Behind F/M/R: 75/42/15 ft3Curb Weight: 4710 lb
    C/D TEST RESULTS
    60 mph: 6.2 sec1/4-Mile: 14.9 sec @ 93 mph100 mph: 18.0 secResults above omit 1-ft rollout of 0.4 sec.Rolling Start, 5–60 mph: 6.7 secTop Gear, 30–50 mph: 3.4 secTop Gear, 50–70 mph: 4.7 secTop Speed (gov ltd): 119 mphBraking, 70–0 mph: 171 ftRoadholding, 300-ft Skidpad: 0.85 g
    C/D FUEL ECONOMY
    Observed: 17 mpg75-mph Highway Driving: 24 mpg75-mph Highway Range: 440 mi
    EPA FUEL ECONOMY
    Combined/City/Highway: 22/20/25 mpg
    C/D TESTING EXPLAINEDThis content is imported from OpenWeb. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. More

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    From the Archive: 1986 Suzuki Samurai JX Tested

    From the January 1986 issue of Car and Driver.There seems to be no end to the number of Far Eastern car manufacturers eager to hawk their wares in America. Mitsubishi and Isuzu joined the existing five Asian exporters in the first half of this decade when they set up their own distribution networks here, and at least two more will attack our market before the decade is out. The first of these is Suzuki, the well-known motorcycle manufacturer.Suzuki, which has been building cars since 1961, is a relatively small carmaker both in volume and in car size. Its produc­tion last year totaled only 647,000 units, and the biggest car it builds is powered by a 1.3-liter engine. The company’s best­-known car is the Cultus, which has been marketed here for the past two years as the Chevrolet Sprint. For its first venture into the American market under its own name­plate, Suzuki wanted a unique product, one that wouldn’t tangle head-on with any established competitors. Fortunately, the perfect machine for the job was already in the company’s lineup: a mini-Jeep called the Samurai. The Samurai isn’t a total stranger to America, for it’s been sold in Canada, Ha­waii, and Puerto Rico for several years. In fact, it has been sold in more than 100 countries since it was introduced fifteen years ago. If our experience with our test Samurai is any guide, America is ready and eager to be added to the list. Every time we stopped, people wanted to know what it was, how much it cost, and where they could get one.More SuzukiWhat the Samurai is, in essence, is a pint-sized four-wheel-drive truck. Com­pared with the classic Jeep CJ-7, itself no giant, Suzuki’s mini-Jeep is about twenty inches shorter overall, five inches narrow­er, five inches shorter in height, and, at 2100 pounds, about 900 pounds lighter. But even though it’s been scaled down ap­preciably, the Samurai embodies most of the design features of the traditional Jeep. In normal driving, the rear wheels do the work. When the going gets rough, the part-time four-wheel drive can be engaged through a dual-range transfer case con­trolled by a floor-mounted lever. If the manually locking front hubs have been en­gaged, the high range of four-wheel drive can be elected on the fly, provided the Samurai is traveling in a straight line. To engage low range, it’s necessary to come to a complete stop. Although not the most sophisticated four-wheel-drive system available, the Samurai is easy to use and fa­miliar to traditional off-roaders. Underneath its skin, the Samurai is basi­cally a compact copy of the Jeep. The front and rear suspensions each consist of a rig­id axle located by leaf springs. An anti-roll bar is used only in front. An unassisted re­circulating-ball steering gear directs the front wheels. The major components are bolted to a full-length ladder frame, which also supports the steel body with rubber mounts. All in all, the Samurai chassis couldn’t be more conventional. Under the hood, however, the Samurai departs from Jeep practice. Instead of a large-displacement, slow-turning, cast­-iron pushrod engine, the Suzuki is powered by an all-aluminum, 1.3-liter four-cylinder version of the Chevrolet Sprint’s 1.0-liter triple, complete with a belt-driven overhead camshaft. This mod­ern engine develops 61 hp at 6000 rpm and 71 pounds-feet of torque at 3500 rpm, and it revs to a lofty 6500-rpm redline. The output from this high-revving humming­bird is converted to low-speed grunt by well-chosen gearing. We took the Samurai off-road and were impressed by its pulling power. On a dirt road, climbing a hill that got steeper as we went, the Samurai ran out of traction long before it would have run out of power—and it didn’t lose its grip until we were so far up the grade that backing down was our only option. Going downhill, the low range provided a reassuring brake on the Samurai’s speed. We wouldn’t want to pull a heavy load up a loose-surfaced mountain with the little Suzuki, but it certainly has no problem hauling its own weight. David Dewhurst|Car and DriverThe Samurai also maneuvers well in the dirt. With its compact dimensions and short wheelbase, it can turn on a dime and slip through passes that would be too tight for larger vehicles. The short wheelbase also helps keep the chassis components from dragging over rough terrain. Although its off-road capabilities prove that the Samurai is a real truck, not just a compact car in Jeep clothing, we suspect that most Samurais will turn most of their miles on paved roads. Unfortunately, the Samurai is no match for a normal car in civ­ilized environments. On the other hand, it’s not bad for a basic four-wheel-driver. Performance is the Suzuki’s weakest area, for there is no way that its small en­gine can cope with its parachute-like aero-dynamic drag. Acceleration from rest is reasonable, but it tapers off quickly as speed rises. Reaching 60 mph requires 18.7 seconds, and the Samurai tops out at a mere 77 mph in fourth gear. Fifth gear, as indicated by the Samurai’s 42.2- second top-gear time from 50 to 70 mph, is useful for little more than maintaining modest speeds on level roads. Hills require the use of lower ratios. Fortunately, shifting the Samurai is a pleasure. The gearbox responds precisely to a light touch, and the engine gives its all freely, with minimal vibration and an eager urge to its redline. Naturally, we used the Samurai’s powertrain to the max in our test driving, but we still managed a com­mendable 25 mpg. For use in town, we found the Samurai’s performance quite ac­ceptable, though it wouldn’t be our first choice for the next One Lap of America marathon. The Samurai’s ride motions are another reason to avoid long highway trips. The combination of the short wheelbase and the firm leaf springs does little to smooth out freeway imperfections. Harsh pound­ing is not a problem, thanks to the large, low-pressure tires, but the Samurai’s con­stant pitching and pogoing, although minor, quickly become tiresome. On second­ary roads, the Samurai is more comfort­able. There’s enough suspension travel to deal with any rut or pothole, and the firm ride seems less intrusive when the bumps become less frequent. The Samurai is also reasonably happy on winding roads. It has nicely responsive steering and can corner to the tune of 0.71 g, thanks to its all-weather tires and pleas­antly neutral handling balance. It didn’t even do a barrel roll on the skidpad, though the inside rear tire was barely in contact with the pavement during right-­turning laps. Mindful of the rollover problem associ­ated with other vehicles of this type, the Suzuki engineers built extensive passen­ger protection into the convertible version of the Samurai. (A hardtop model is also available, for an extra $150.) Just behind the front seats is a stamped-steel structure that is connected to the top of the wind­shield frame by four longitudinal mem­bers. In addition, a tubular roll bar sits just behind this main cage. We had no occasion to test the structural integrity of these parts, but they certainly look reassuring.They are also well padded, lest the Sam­urai’s occupants bang themselves sense­less during rough going. Indeed, the Sam­urai’s interior, at least in the deluxe JX model we tested, is quite nicely finished, considering the vehicle’s rustic nature. The dashboard is a modern plastic molding complete with full instrumentation and a well-designed heating system. The front seats are comfortable enough for drives of several hours. The folding rear seat is more basic, but it does offer adequate room for two. Our Samurai also had air conditioning, though it was taxed to its limits on a 95-degree sunny day. David Dewhurst|Car and DriverSome of the blame for the marginal cooling ability of the A/C must go to the Samurai’s convertible top. A very crude af­fair consisting of sewn white vinyl and transparent plastic panels, it is hardly air­tight. It also admits a lot of noise, enough that the sound of surrounding vehicles can easily drown out the Samurai’s own rumblings. The top at least provides excellent wet-­weather protection. We drove the Samurai through a carwash, and afterward couldn’t find a single drop of water inside. The credit goes to the top’s elaborate attach­ment system. Its forward edge slides into a groove on the top of the windshield frame, and flaps on each side fit into vertical grooves in the main rollover structure. The bottom edges snap onto the body­work with plenty of overlap, the upper rear is supported by a folding frame, and other loose edges are attached by Velcro straps to various other tubes and frames. It takes nearly five minutes for one person to erect this roof, but it’s worth the trouble. The Samurai may be primitive in certain respects, and it’s much less versatile than its competition, such as the Isuzu Trooper II, the Mitsubishi Montero, the Chevy S-10 Blazer, and the Ford Bronco II. The little Suzuki, however, has two aces in the hole: it’s small enough to be cute, and it’s cheap. The base Samurai convertible lists for $6550. A JX model like our test vehicle, with air conditioning and a stereo system, costs only $7650. That’s at least $3000 less expensive than any of the competitors named above, and about $2000 less than a comparably equipped CJ-7. And none of the others except the CJ is available as a convertible. What we have here is your ba­sic cheap Jeep. In fact, if you want a rugged four-wheel­ driver for the minimum amount of money, the Samurai is the only game in town. If you live in the right town, that is: the Samu­rai will be sold initially only in California, Florida, and Georgia. As the supply in­creases over the next couple of years, Suzuki plans to expand the dealer network to cover the rest of the country. Our advice to Suzuki is to crank up the assembly plants and send Samurais by the boatload. A hungry market awaits.SpecificationsSpecifications
    1986 Suzuki Samurai JXVehicle Type: front-engine, rear/4-wheel-drive, 4-passenger, 3-door convertible
    PRICE
    Base/As Tested: $6950/$7650Options: air-conditioning, $700.
    ENGINETurbocharged SOHC inline-4, aluminum block and headDisplacement: 81 in3, 1325 cm3Power: 61 hp @ 6000 rpmTorque: 71 lb-ft @ 3500 rpm 
    TRANSMISSION5-speed manual
    CHASSIS
    Suspension, F/R: live axle/live axleBrakes, F/R: 11.0-in disc/8.7-in drumTires: Bridgestone SF-405 Steel M+S205/70R-15
    DIMENSIONS
    Wheelbase: 79.9 inLength: 135.0 inWidth: 60.2 inHeight: 65.6 inPassenger Volume, F/M/R: 44/34 ft3Cargo Volume: 3 ft3Curb Weight: 2100 lb
    C/D TEST RESULTS30 mph: 4.5 sec60 mph: 18.7 sec1/4-Mile: 20.5 sec @ 64 mphTop Gear, 30–50 mph: 17.1 secTop Gear, 50–70 mph: 42.2 secTop Speed: 77 mphBraking, 70–0 mph: 219 ftRoadholding, 300-ft Skidpad: 0.71 g 
    C/D FUEL ECONOMY
    Observed: 25 mpg
    EPA FUEL ECONOMYCity/Highway: 28/29 mpg 
    C/D TESTING EXPLAINEDThis content is imported from OpenWeb. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. More

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    From The Archive: Five 1999 Euro Wagons Compared

    From the June 1999 issue of Car and Driver.Conventional wisdom: Wagons don’t sell. Unconventional wisdom: Once the symbol of postwar family trans­portation, the car-based wagon fell from favor in the 1980s and 1990s because of competition from mini­vans and sport-utility vehicles, but it’s now showing signs of a modest sale resurgence in the luxury market as image-conscious buyers look for alternatives to dowdy minivans and environmen­tally questionable SUVs. Got that? No? Consider that in 1979, of the 33 automakers selling car in North America, 22 of them offered car-based wagons. By 1990, that number had shrunk to 16 of 45 automakers, and by last year, it had fallen to nine of 39. Yet this year, from the same pool of 39 automakers, 13 offer car-based wagons. Could this be a hint of a trend?Perhaps it’s merely a sign that a portion of the market—albeit a small one—is returning to its senses. Longtime readers of this magazine know we’ve never been wild about minivans and SUVs. They’re less efficient than cars, and typically they handle, brake, and accelerate worse as well. If the goal is to haul more stuff, we’d consider the wagon before the minivan or the sport-ute. The 17 wagon models offered this year provide between 50 and 190 percent more cargo room than the sedans they’re based on. Accident statistics might suggest you’re safer in a heavier minivan or SUV than in any kind of car. But consider that you might be able to avoid an accident in a wagon that you wouldn’t in a clumsier-handling vehicle. Such arguments may be gaining ground among well-heeled car buyers. Of those 13 brands offering car-based wagons this year, a disproportionate number—five—are European luxury car­makers. BMW, Volvo, and Saab, in fact, are considering addi­tional wagons for the U.S. market. We’ve looked at this market before. In December 1997, we compared middle-brow luxo-wagons, pitting an Audi A4 2.8 Avant Quattro against a Volvo V70 AWD. This time, it’s a battle of Eurohaulers of the highest brow. We looked for wagons in the $40,000-to-$50,000 range and found five. Audi offers the A6 2.8 Avant, based on the stylish A6 sedan that bowed in 1998. From BMW, there’s the 5-series wagon, developed from the 5-series sedan that has won comparison tests and has been a 10Best winner. Mercedes-Benz, a long-term veteran of the U.S. wagon market, serves up the wagon version of its E-class. Saab, a newcomer to this segment, offers a five-door iteration of its recently introduced 9-5 sedan. Volvo, another long-term wagon purveyor in the U.S., competes in this segment with a higher-line V70. We sought automatic transmissions and six-cylinder engines in each car except the Volvo, which tops out with a turbo five. The wagons that showed up had window stickers ranging from $39,684 for the Audi to $55,223 for the Mercedes. That’s a wider range than we would prefer for a comparison, but it isn’t wide enough to preclude one. All A6 wagons get Quattro all-wheel drive; BMWs and Saabs come only in rear- and front-drive, respectively; and the Benz and the Volvo come with optional all-wheel drive. We were surprised at how similarly these wagons were equipped, particularly aft of the front seats. Each car had split­-folding rear seats with three adjustable headrests. The cargo areas all had multiple eyelets to secure luggage and partitions to separate flying Fidos or suitcases from passengers. All had rear-window washers and wipers, and all but the Volvo came with a cargo cover. Such consistency in features suggests that these wagons com­pete in a mature market of demanding cus­tomers in Europe, much as minivans do here. You’re looking at the state of the art in wagons.Testing these munificent vehicles took us not only to DaimlerChrysler’s proving grounds but also to our beloved collection of paved curves, whoop-de-dos, and foot-­to-the-floor straightaways in southeastern Ohio’s Hocking Hills. When the final scores were tallied, it was a surprisingly tight race. Fifth Place: Saab 9-5 SE Many automakers improve their cars by forever chasing the Holy Grail of refinement, a strategy that tends to push many designs toward a certain sameness. Not Saab, whose cars remain defiantly quirky, from the console-mounted ignition switches to the bolt-upright driving posi­tions. Such “differentness” has cost Saab in many of our comparison tests, and it may have here. Despite its fifth-place finish, this wagon might well be worth your consideration, depending on your priorities. HIGHS: Versatile cargo hold, an abundance of features, endearing Saab character. LOWS: Gritty engine note, lack of refinement, annoying Saab quirks. VERDICT: A surprisingly versatile hauler at a reasonable price.In most respects, the Saab is in the thick of this competition. Its 3.0-liter DOHC V-6 with light-pressure turbocharging is good for 200 horsepower. Zero-to-60 sprints take 8.4 seconds, and the quarter-­mile is 16.4 seconds away. Passes from 30 to 50 mph require 4.3 seconds; 50 to 70 mph requires 5.6 seconds. The 9-5’s 215/55VR-16 Michelins serve up 0.77 g of roadholding and help the Saab stop from 70 mph in 181 feet. Nearly all these track numbers, in fact, define the average per­formance for the group.In some areas, the Saab wins out over the other wagons. The 9-5 SE’s $37,564 base price and $40,044 as-tested price are second-lowest of the five tabs, yet this wagon takes first place in features and cargo utility. Even base 9-5 models have headlamp washers and wipers, quad front sun visors, a CD player (with a Harman/Kardon stereo), and cargo-floor tie-downs that can be adjusted on tracks to accom­modate varying cargo sizes. None of the other wagons is so equipped. Cargo volume is close to the average for the wagons, but the 9-5 is capable of towing 3000 pounds, second only to the Volvo’s 3300-pound towing capacity. There is an optional slide-out load floor that can sup­port up to 440 pounds for easier packing and superior tailgate parties. This is the only car to have a rigid, fold-up cargo cover that can support light loads. Automatic load leveling was the only meaningful cargo-related feature missing on the Saab. This was the best-handling 9-5 we’ve driven, wagon or sedan. Aggressive driving didn’t incite the porpoising and bouncing we remember from previous 9-5s. The engine makes a coarse groan when flogged, but it produces satisfying surges of thrust without boost lag. The Saab turned in 21 mpg on our 650-mile trip, tying the BMW for best of the pack.About that “differentness.” Some of it is benign, like the handy but noisy front­-seat fans that cool your backside, or the black-panel display switch that darkens all instruments except the speedometer. Other quirks are more annoying. The seats are comfortable while driving in a straight line, but in curves, the side bolsters seem to disappear, forcing you to brace your legs against the door and console. The door pockets are so tiny that they’re useful only for holding small change and candy bars. Some quirks reflect a lack of refinement. The steering is affected by slight changes in power. The shifter lever squirms in its track when you move it. Bumps make the steering wheel and floorpan shiver slightly. These are hard-to-excuse deficiencies in a spanking-new design, but this Saab is hardly a loser. Just six points separate it from the first-place finisher. It has a few loose ends that need tying up, but if hauling flexibility is your priority, the 9-5 deserves a hard look. 1999 Saab 9-5 SE200-hp turbocharged V-6, 4-speed automatic, 3750 lbBase/as-tested price: $37,564/$40,044C/D TEST RESULTS60 mph: 8.4 sec1/4 mile: 16.4 sec @ 84 mph100 mph: 23.9 sec120 mph: 44.5 secBraking, 70­-0 mph: 181 ftRoadholding, 300-ft-dia skidpad: 0.77 g C/D observed fuel economy: 20 mpgFourth Place: Volvo V70R AWD The Volvo V70 has been around for just a couple of years, but its boxy body gives away this car’s age—its design is an update of the 850, which was introduced nearly eight years ago. Its genes may be older, but that doesn’t mean the V70 can’t put up a good fight. That’s particularly true if it comes in racy, all-wheel-drive “R” form, like our test car—the most expensive V70 Volvo offers. HIGHS: Rip-roaring turbo five-cylinder, no-surprises all-wheel-drive handling, airy interior within tidy exterior. LOWS: Runs out of grip too quickly, sparse features, the look is getting old. VERDICT: The boy-racer of Eurowagons.This is the hot-dog of the group, if you couldn’t already tell by its electric-blue paint job, its rocker­ panel skirts, and its big chrome exhaust pipe. The R’s thrust comes from the most powerful five-­cylinder Volvo makes—a turbo­charged 2.3-liter DOHC unit good for 246 horsepower. It’s an engine with character, constantly whooping and hissing with every change in boost pressure and singing a dual-note song. “Sort of a French horn noise, where the others are more like alto saxes,” noted Markus in the logbook. The Volvo whipped the pack in every acceler­ation test, hauling itself to 60 mph in 7.6 seconds and on to a steamy 141-mph top speed. But braking and roadholding trailed the group. “Runs out of grip fast,” noted a driver. One of the V70R’s options is lower-profile Michelin Pilot MXM tires, which our car did not have; they would have improved traction and response. Still, this wagon is terrific fun to tear around in.The V70R all-wheel-drive system works well for hauling, too. This wagon casts the smallest shadow of the five and has the most diminutive wheelbase, at 104.9 inches. Yet we ranked its rear seat second—by a slim margin—to the big Mercedes’ in accommodations. The cargo area is sparsely appointed and lacks a cover, but the seats fold forward to make a flat load floor. For towing, the Volvo beats the other wagons, able to pull an impressive 3300 pounds. Inside, the seats, with cross-stitched suede inserts, were sporty-looking and grippy. The V70′ beltline is low, allowing a good view out for kid in car seats. “Very airy feel in here, lots of glass,” noted Idzikowski. All four outboard pas­sengers get side airbags, but rear­-seat passengers don’t have A/C vents or reading lights. The fit and finish inside seemed a step below that of the three German wagons, too. Those weren’t the only areas where we saw room for improve­ment. We were surprised to find that, even with all-wheel drive, some torque steer could be felt when the boost ramped up. The precise shifter lacked a manumatic gate­—no big deal—but it also lacked a detent for second gear, hard to excuse in a car with such an athletic bent. The ride was the stiffest of the group, and as with the Saab, some body flex was evident over broken pavement. Some drivers didn’t like the Volvo’s turbo lag, others were turned off by the V70’s boxy look, and a few more were annoyed by the immovable headrests that brushed the backs of their scalps. Although it could use some sprucing up inside and out, the Volvo is a hit in the fun-to-drive category, particularly at its price. 1999 Volvo V70R AWD246-hp turbocharged inline-5, 4-speed automatic, 3732 lbBase/as-tested price: $42,328/$42,328C/D TEST RESULTS60 mph: 7.6 sec1/4 mile: 15.9 sec @ 87 mph100 mph: 20.9 sec120 mph: 32.0 secBraking, 70­-0 mph: 182 ftRoadholding, 300-ft-dia skidpad: 0.74 gC/D observed fuel economy: 19 mpgThird Place: Audi A6 2.8 Avant Quattro The Audi A6 2.8 Avant Quattro makes a great first impression. From its clean and sensuous body cut-lines to its soothing earth-tone and walnut interior, this wagon is a feast for the eyes. It’s also easier on the wallet than the other wagons. The only significant option our loaded-up A6 lacked was leather seats, but its price still came in under $40,000. It makes good impressions at the first turn of the wheel, too. Audi’s novel four-­link front suspension endows the steering with precise feel and quick response. Ride motions are properly damped, and the body feels tight. The controls, from the shifter to the stereo buttons, move pre­cisely. It’s a feel of sophistication. HIGHS: Artful styling, precise handling, smooth ride, good value. LOWS: Tight-fitting interior, even slower than its curb weight would suggest. VERDICT: A classy, well-equipped, sophisticated wagon that needs more oomph underhood.Step on the gas, though, and you’re left wanting. Audi’s DOHC five-valve-per cylinder 2.8-liter V-6 certainly isn’t lacking in technology. Nor is it lacking in power—its 200 hp matches the Saab’s and tops the BMW’s. At 19.7 pounds per horsepower, the Audi’s power-to-weight ratio betters the BMW’s, yet driveline fric­tion and gearing make this the slowest­-accelerating wagon here by a wide margin. The 0-to-60 dash takes 9.6 seconds, at least a second longer than it takes the other wagons. Passing times are a similar story. “Needs more engine,” one driver complained. “Sluggish when passing,” wrote another. Mitigating the slow go some­what is the five-speed automatic transmission, which shifted smoothly and decisively at all times. The A6 had the only manumatic shifter of the gang, which nearly every driver found helpful in extracting maximum juice from minimalist engine. “Helps keep up the fun factor when the engine is laboring, which isn’t infrequently,” wrote a driver. As with the Mercedes and Volvo, the Audi’s four-wheel drive worked unobtru­sively and was a particular help in sharp turns with early-spring road marbles. Roadholding grip was a middling 0.75 g, but the Audi’s 59.6-mph speed through our emergency lane change was second only to the racy Volvo. The A6 Avant’s cargo hold is as beau­tifully finished as the passenger area, with chrome tie-down rings sunk neatly into rich carpeting beneath a matching carpeted mat. It tied for last place, though, in cargo utility. The Audi’s rear seats don’t make a flat load floor when folded forward. The cargo area held the fewest beer cases in our cargo-hauling tests, and as in the Saab, automatic load leveling isn’t available. The A6 does come, however, with a handy cargo cover and an elastic net to secure loose items. The roll-out partition sepa­rating cargo from passengers can also be used with the seatbacks folded. The Audi’s rear seats are more cramped, too. There’s ample room for two, but three are a squeeze. The A6 Avant Quattro may not be the best cargo or people hauler, but it’s the most stylish. At its price, we consider this well-equipped four-wheel-driver an excel­lent value. If only it had more power. A V-8 will be offered soon in the A6 sedan but not in the wagon, Audi says. Mistake, we say. 1999 Audi A6 2.8 Avant Quattro200-hp V-6, 5-speed automatic, 3938 lbBase/as-tested price: $37,166/$39,684C/D TEST RESULTS60 mph: 9.6 sec1/4 mile: 17.3 sec @ 83 mph100 mph: 26.0 sec120 mph: 46.0 secBraking, 70­-0 mph: 180 ftRoadholding, 300-ft-dia skidpad: 0.75 gC/D observed fuel economy: 20 mpgSecond Place: Mercedes-Benz E320 4MATIC Like the Audi, the Mercedes creates a good first impression, but of a more reserved and serious kind. The upright grille and elliptical headlamps, the hard-to-ignore hood ornament, and the big, no-non­sense four-pillar greenhouse over smooth, unadorned flanks say “estate wagon” more effectively than has any Buick in memory. This wagon looks expensive, and it is. The rear-wheel-drive version starts at $48,503, and the 4MATIC opens at $51,460. Our car, with a glass sunroof, a lug­gage rack, and a Bose sound system, came to $55,223. The five-door E320 won’t be winning any value awards from us, no matter how nice it looks. HIGHS: Rich appointments, generous cargo hold and rear-seat accommodations, feels as though it will last forever. LOWS: Aneurysm-inducing price, can’t tow anything. VERDICT: Not the most exciting drive, but a beautiful, elegant and capable wagon.But there’s substance to this car beyond the way the doors thud home when they’re shut. For starters, it’s loaded with features. Even base E-class wagons come with leather upholstery, a power tilting and telescoping steering wheel, auto-dimming mirrors, and power seats with power head restraints and memory (including mirror position). This is the only wagon with a standard third bench, and the only one with Baby Smart, a sensor that turns off the front and side passenger airbags when a Mercedes-approved child seat is detected. The powerful Bose sound system lacks a CD player, hard to accept at this price. It’s well equipped for hauling almost anything but a trailer, too. The Mercedes cargo bay will accept at least seven more cubic feet of stuff than will the other wagons with their seats up, and 10 more cubes with the rear seats folded forward. Also thrown in are a roll-out, two-position partition net; a roll-out cargo cover; 10 cargo tie-downs; and the group’s only standard third-row seat (Audi offers one for $700). Oddly, the E320 wagon isn’t rated for towing capacity because the com­pany doesn’t offer an approved hitch—an absurd omission in a wagon. This is a great car to ride in. Everyone who climbed into the Mercedes was struck by its biscuit-hued leather and burled walnut trim. The rear seat was the most roomy and comfortable of the group, but road noise was louder back there than we remembered in the sedan. At least the ride was faultless.The E320 was slightly less inspiring to drive. The powertrain is certainly up to the task. Its 221-hp, 18-valve V-6 and five­-speed automatic work together seamlessly. Quick throttle response and a broad torque curve provide ample acceleration to 60 mph in 8.2 seconds. The automatic’s shifting adapts to aggressive driving, too, so none of us missed a manumatic. And yet hustling around curves and corners just didn’t seem to be the E320’s style, despite this wagon’s strong brakes and better-than-­average grip of 0.79 g. The Mercedes weighs in at a chart-topping 3954 pounds, a fact that even the most astute engineering can’t hide. “More of a highway cruiser than a sporty wagon,” wrote one editor. “Little in the driving experience makes me want to push harder,” wrote another. This wagon’s elegant style, ample room, and sturdy confidence made for a second-place finish. But it wasn’t a close race for first. It might have been if the E320 drove with more flair and had a more digestible price. 1999 Mercedes-Benz E320 4MATIC221-hp V-6, 5-speed automatic, 3954 lbBase/as-tested price: $51,460/$55,223C/D TEST RESULTS60 mph: 8.2 sec1/4 mile: 16.4 sec @ 86 mph100 mph: 23.2 sec120 mph: 40.8 secBraking, 70­-0 mph: 181 ftRoadholding, 300-ft-dia skidpad: 0.79 gC/D observed fuel economy: 20 mpgFirst Place: BMW 528iBMW’s 528i is a wagon that grows on you. It’s unremarkable at first. At mod­erate speeds, its steering is thoughtlessly natural. Part-throttle shifts are smooth, and the ride is quiet and composed. The engine hums distantly. The body—with its twin­-kidney grille and round headlamps and its lean flanks pulled aft to a tidy ducktail­ —is handsome but so familiar it’s almost for­gettable, particularly when dressed in the dark blue of our test car. But ambivalence fades the more you drive the 528i. The first thing that strikes you is its composure. The structure feels at least as tight as the Audi’s, possibly tighter. Whatever you drive over, at what­ever speed, the suspension absorbs even the smallest shock without complaint. Body motions are expertly damped. The 528i steers with the tenacity of a Tomahawk cruise missile, maintaining its intended line over abrupt topography changes as if they simply weren’t there. HIGHS: Laser-guided steering, unflappable chassis, ample cornering and braking grip, slick and efficient driveline. LOWS: Price a bit dear, smallish cargo hold, towing not allowed. VERDICT: An adept, carefully crafted driving machine that can pull wagon double-duty.The engine is a DOHC 2.8-liter alu­minum inline six that’s new for the 5-series. It emits a crisp, lively hum under the whip and churns out 193 horsepower. With 3851 pounds to haul, its 20.0-pounds-per-horsepower burden is the heaviest of the pack. Yet this family hauler hustles to 60 mph in just 8.1 seconds, second only to the speedy Volvo. The automatic has just four gears, but their ratios are properly spaced, and shifts are quick and no-nonsense firm under full throttle. This is an efficient driveline. Our 528i averaged 21 miles per gallon—tying the Saab for the best of the bunch. This BMW wagon had a $5088 Sport Premium package, which lowers ride height by 0.8 inch and includes striking 17-inch lace alloys wrapped by fat 235/45ZR-17 Dunlops. It was certainly a factor in the BMW’s short 172-foot braking distance from 70 mph, as well the BMW’s class-leading 0.81 g on the skidpad. It may have helped this BMW nail first place in fun-to-drive, too.But a wagon has to be more than a grin machine. The BMW is not the best cargo carrier. Its hold is one of the least volumi­nous. When folded, the rear-seat cushions don’t form a flat load floor, and that load floor is the second smallest of the pack. On the other hand, the 528i can carry the longest length of pipe (135 inches), and it’s the only wagon with a convenient separate glass hatch in the tailgate. Like the Saab, our test car came with a handy pull­out load floor, a $403 option. Towing capacity isn’t available “for liability rea­sons,” says BMW. We’d love to be a fly on the dealership wall when a customer hears that. Our wagon’s front sport seats ($504) offered exceptional support for brisk drives, but we would have gladly traded adjustable thigh support for a lumbar adjustment. The rear seats were average in room and comfort. Whoever ends up back there will like our car’s rear-seat window shades, part of a $382 rear-seat package. All these packages add up. With our car’s optional automatic, the spin-control system, and a power sunroof, the 528i rang up a $50,639 price. For this hauler’s impressive resume, you must pay. But impressive it is. The 528i serves up decent hauling ability in an exceptionally efficient and fun-to-drive package. That’s our kind of wagon. 1999 BMW 528i193-hp inline-6, 4-speed automatic, 3851 lbBase/as-tested price: $41,586/$50,639C/D TEST RESULTS60 mph: 8.1 sec1/4 mile: 16.3 sec @ 85 mph100 mph: 22.7 sec120 mph: 41.5 secBraking, 70­-0 mph: 172 ftRoadholding, 300-ft-dia skidpad: 0.81 gC/D observed fuel economy: 21 mpgThis content is imported from OpenWeb. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. More